Visual presentation is desirable if:

l the topic deals with concrete observable objects and if the objective is "identifying", "discriminating", or "classifying" concepts, or "executing" a task.
l student learning mode is predominantly visual.
l learning of symbols, rules, defined concepts through analogies, diagrams, etc. is required.

Colour is desirable if:

l the objective involves discrimination of colours.
l explanation of complex diagrams is part of the topic.
l motivation for learning is low.

Movement is desirable if:

l the topic requires students learn how to recognize and/or copy motions.
l the topic deals with the functioning of mobile parts of an object.

Sound is desirable if:

l sound is an integral part of the topic.
l a real situation, including sound, is to be simulated.
l it is convenient to create an agreeable atmosphere (music).

Touch is desirable if:

l the objective involves discrimination of texture or movement, etc.

Written words are desirable if:

l the main objective is learning concepts, rules, principles and the topic is complex or abstract.
l the precise message content is critical